
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="zh-CN">
    <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
      <title>SpringBoot中暗藏的设计模式 - 交互式测验</title>
      <style>
        @import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Noto+Sans+SC:wght@400;500;700&display=swap');
        
        body {
          font-family: 'Noto Sans SC', sans-serif;
          background-color: #f4f7f9;
          color: #333;
          display: flex;
          justify-content: center;
          align-items: center;
          min-height: 100vh;
          margin: 0;
          padding: 20px;
          box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        
        .main-wrapper {
            position: relative;
            width: 100%;
            max-width: 900px; /* Wider to accommodate buttons */
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
        }

        .quiz-container {
          background-color: #ffffff;
          border-radius: 16px;
          box-shadow: 0 8px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
          width: 100%;
          max-width: 700px;
          overflow: hidden;
          z-index: 10;
        }

        .quiz-header {
          background-color: #4a90e2;
          color: white;
          padding: 20px 30px;
          text-align: center;
        }

        .quiz-header h1 {
          margin: 0;
          font-size: 24px;
          font-weight: 700;
        }
        
        .quiz-header p {
            margin: 5px 0 0;
            font-size: 14px;
            opacity: 0.9;
        }

        .quiz-body {
          padding: 30px;
        }

        .progress-bar {
            display: none; /* 隐藏进度条 */
            width: 100%;
            background-color: #e0e0e0;
            border-radius: 5px;
            height: 10px;
            margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        #progress-indicator {
            height: 100%;
            width: 0%;
            background-color: #4caf50;
            border-radius: 5px;
            transition: width 0.3s ease;
        }

        #question-container {
          margin-bottom: 20px;
        }

        #question-text {
          font-size: 18px;
          font-weight: 500;
          line-height: 1.6;
          margin-bottom: 25px;
        }

        .options-list {
          list-style: none;
          padding: 0;
          margin: 0;
        }

        .option-item {
          background-color: #f8f9fa;
          border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
          border-radius: 8px;
          padding: 15px;
          margin-bottom: 12px;
          cursor: pointer;
          transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
        }

        .option-item:hover {
          background-color: #e9ecef;
        }
        
        .option-item.selected {
            background-color: #d1e7fd;
            border-color: #4a90e2;
        }

        .quiz-footer {
          padding: 20px 30px;
          display: flex;
          justify-content: space-between; /* 将按钮分布在两侧 */
          align-items: center;
          min-height: 65px; /* Reserve space */
        }

        .nav-btn {
          background-color: #4a90e2;
          color: white;
          border: none;
          border-radius: 8px;
          padding: 10px 20px;
          font-size: 16px;
          font-weight: 500;
          cursor: pointer;
          transition: background-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
          box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
        }
        
        #next-btn {
            background-color: #28a745;
        }

        .nav-btn:hover {
          background-color: #357abd;
          transform: scale(1.05);
        }
        
        .nav-btn:disabled {
            background-color: #a0c3e8;
            cursor: not-allowed;
            opacity: 0.7;
        }

        #result-container {
            border-top: 1px solid #eee;
        }
        
        .result-box {
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 20px;
            margin-top: 20px;
        }
        
        .result-box.correct {
            background-color: #d4edda;
            border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
            color: #155724;
        }

        .result-box.incorrect {
            background-color: #f8d7da;
            border: 1px solid #f5c6cb;
            color: #721c24;
        }
        
        .result-box h3 {
            margin-top: 0;
        }

        .explanation-text {
            margin-top: 15px;
            line-height: 1.7;
        }
        
        .source-text {
            font-style: italic;
            font-size: 14px;
            margin-top: 15px;
            color: #555;
        }

        
        .final-score-container {
            padding: 40px;
            text-align: center;
        }
        .final-score-container h2 {
            margin-top: 0;
            margin-bottom: 30px;
        }
        .score-summary {
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            gap: 20px;
            margin-bottom: 40px;
            flex-wrap: wrap;
        }
        .score-card {
            background-color: #f8f9fa;
            border-radius: 12px;
            padding: 20px;
            width: 180px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.05);
            border: 1px solid #e9ecef;
        }
        .score-card h3 {
            margin: 0 0 10px;
            font-size: 16px;
            font-weight: 500;
            color: #555;
        }
        .score-card p {
            margin: 0;
            font-size: 28px;
            font-weight: 700;
            color: #333;
        }
        .score-details table {
            width: 100%;
            font-size: 16px;
        }
        .score-details td {
            padding: 4px 0;
        }
        .score-details td:last-child {
            text-align: right;
            font-weight: 700;
        }
        .report-actions button {
            background-color: #fff;
            border: 1px solid #ccc;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 12px 25px;
            font-size: 16px;
            cursor: pointer;
            margin: 0 10px;
            transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
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        .report-actions button:hover {
            background-color: #f1f1f1;
            border-color: #bbb;
            transform: translateY(-2px);
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        .report-actions button.primary {
            background-color: #28a745;
            color: white;
            border-color: #28a745;
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        .report-actions button.primary:hover {
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        .hint-container {
            background-color: #e0f7fa;
            border: 1px solid #b2ebf2;
            border-radius: 8px;
            padding: 15px;
            margin-top: 20px;
            color: #006064;
            font-size: 15px;
            line-height: 1.6;
            display: none; /* 默认隐藏 */
        }
      </style>
    </head>
    <body>
      <div class="main-wrapper">
          <div class="quiz-container">
            <div class="quiz-header">
              <h1>SpringBoot中暗藏的设计模式 - 交互式测验</h1>
              <p>检验你对文档内容的理解程度</p>
            </div>
            <div id="quiz-content">
                <div class="quiz-body">
                    <div class="progress-bar">
                        <div id="progress-indicator"></div>
                    </div>
                    <div id="question-container">
                      <p id="question-text"></p>
                      <ul class="options-list" id="options-list"></ul>
                    </div>
                    <div id="result-container"></div>
                    <div id="hint-container" class="hint-container"></div>
                </div>
                <div class="quiz-footer" id="quiz-footer">
                  <button id="prev-btn" class="nav-btn">上一题</button>
                  <button id="hint-btn" class="nav-btn" style="background-color: #ffc107; color: #333; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(255,193,7,0.3);">提示</button>
                  <button id="next-btn" class="nav-btn">下一题</button>
                </div>
            </div>
          </div>
      </div>

      <script>
        const quizData = [
  {
    "question": "在 SpringBoot 应用中，使用 `@Service` 或 `@Component` 注解的类，在默认情况下其实例化策略是什么？",
    "options": [
      "原型模式，即每次请求时都创建一个新实例。",
      "单例模式，即在整个应用生命周期中只创建一个实例。",
      "工厂模式，即通过一个专门的工厂类来创建实例。",
      "代理模式，即总是创建一个代理对象而非原始对象。"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "Spring框架的核心之一是其IoC容器，默认情况下，容器中所有Bean的作用域（Scope）都是单例（Singleton）。这意味着对于一个给定的Bean定义，无论被注入多少次或从容器中获取多少次，返回的都是同一个实例。这样做可以有效节省内存开销。",
    "source": "文档中「二、单例模式」部分",
    "hint": "文档中提到：“公司里的CEO只能有一个，这就是单例模式的精髓。”"
  },
  {
    "question": "当开发者在 Spring 的一个方法上使用 `@Transactional` 注解时，Spring AOP 在底层主要运用了哪种设计模式来自动处理事务的开启、提交或回滚？",
    "options": [
      "观察者模式 (Observer Pattern)",
      "适配器模式 (Adapter Pattern)",
      "代理模式 (Proxy Pattern)",
      "模板方法模式 (Template Method Pattern)"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "Spring AOP 的核心是动态代理。当你使用 `@Transactional` 时，Spring 会为该类创建一个代理对象。这个代理对象会包裹原始对象，并在调用目标方法前后插入事务管理的逻辑（如开启事务、提交或回滚）。原始的业务代码无需关心事务的具体实现，实现了关注点分离。",
    "source": "文档中「四、代理模式」部分",
    "hint": "文档中提到：“明星都有经纪人处理日常事务，这个经纪人就是代理对象。Spring AOP的核心机制正是基于动态代理。”"
  },
  {
    "question": "Spring 的事件驱动模型（如 `ApplicationEvent` 和 `ApplicationListener`）是哪种设计模式的典型实现，它实现了组件间的低耦合通信？",
    "options": [
      "观察者模式 (Observer Pattern)",
      "单例模式 (Singleton Pattern)",
      "代理模式 (Proxy Pattern)",
      "工厂模式 (Factory Pattern)"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 0,
    "explanation": "观察者模式定义了一种一对多的依赖关系，当一个对象（发布者/主题）状态发生改变时，所有依赖于它的对象（观察者/监听器）都会得到通知并被自动更新。Spring 的事件机制中，`ApplicationEventPublisher` 发布事件，而所有注册的 `ApplicationListener` 会监听并响应该事件，完美符合观察者模式的定义，从而实现了解耦。",
    "source": "文档中「五、观察者模式」部分",
    "hint": "文档中用了一个比喻：“就像微信订阅号，当博主发文时，所有粉丝都会收到通知。”"
  },
  {
    "question": "像 `JdbcTemplate` 这样的类，它封装了资源获取、异常处理等固定流程，只要求开发者提供变化的SQL和结果处理部分。这种“定义算法骨架，允许子类重写特定步骤”的设计属于哪种模式？",
    "options": [
      "适配器模式 (Adapter Pattern)",
      "工厂模式 (Factory Pattern)",
      "模板方法模式 (Template Method Pattern)",
      "单例模式 (Singleton Pattern)"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "模板方法模式在一个方法中定义一个算法的骨架，而将一些步骤延迟到子类中。`JdbcTemplate` 正是如此，它定义了数据库操作的完整流程（获取连接、创建Statement、执行SQL、处理结果、关闭连接），而将最核心的SQL语句和结果集映射交由开发者通过回调接口（如`RowMapper`）来实现，这正是模板方法模式的体现。",
    "source": "文档中「三、模板方法模式」部分",
    "hint": "文档中提到：“做红烧肉和糖醋排骨的步骤都是：准备食材→焯水→炒制→收汁。这就是模板方法模式...”"
  },
  {
    "question": "根据文档，Spring AOP 在创建动态代理时，如果目标对象没有实现任何接口，它会选择使用哪种代理技术？",
    "options": [
      "JDK动态代理",
      "静态代理",
      "CGLIB代理",
      "AspectJ编译时织入"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "文档中的“代理类型对比”表格明确指出，JDK动态代理是基于接口的，而CGLIB代理是基于类继承的。因此，当目标类没有实现任何接口时，Spring AOP 无法使用JDK动态代理，此时它会转而使用CGLIB技术，通过创建目标类的子类来生成代理对象。",
    "source": "文档中「四、代理模式」部分的“代理类型对比”表格",
    "hint": "查看“代理类型对比”表格中关于两种代理实现方式的描述，思考当没有接口时哪种方式可行。"
  },
  {
    "question": "文档中将 SpringBoot 的哪个核心组件比作一个“超级工厂”，负责根据配置（如 `@Bean` 注解）来创建和管理各种对象（Bean）？",
    "options": [
      "DispatcherServlet (前端控制器)",
      "ApplicationContext (应用上下文)",
      "HandlerAdapter (处理器适配器)",
      "@Autowired (自动装配注解)"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "`ApplicationContext` 是 Spring IoC 容器的核心接口。它负责实例化、配置和组装Bean。它读取配置元数据（XML、注解等），并根据这些元数据创建、管理整个应用中的对象。因此，它扮演了一个中心化的、功能强大的工厂角色。",
    "source": "文档中「一、工厂模式」部分",
    "hint": "文档中直接指出了这个组件的名称：“Bean的创建过程（ApplicationContext就是超级工厂）”"
  },
  {
    "question": "在 Spring MVC 框架中，`DispatcherServlet` 需要调用不同类型的处理器（Handler）来处理请求。为了统一处理这些不同类型的处理器，Spring MVC 主要运用了哪种设计模式？",
    "options": [
      "适配器模式 (Adapter Pattern)",
      "模板方法模式 (Template Method Pattern)",
      "代理模式 (Proxy Pattern)",
      "观察者模式 (Observer Pattern)"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 0,
    "explanation": "`DispatcherServlet` 本身不直接调用处理器方法。它会遍历所有注册的 `HandlerAdapter`，找到一个能够支持当前处理器类型的适配器。然后，它通过这个适配器来调用处理器，从而将 `DispatcherServlet` 与具体的处理器实现解耦，这正是适配器模式的经典应用。",
    "source": "文档中「六、适配器模式」部分",
    "hint": "文档中提到了一个现实生活中的例子：“出国旅行时用到的电源转换插头就是适配器的现实版。”"
  }
];
        console.log("Quiz Data:", JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(quizData))); // 添加这行用于调试，以可展开的JSON格式输出
        
        let currentQuestionIndex = 0;
        let score = 0;
        // 存储每个问题的回答状态
        const userAnswers = new Array(quizData.length).fill(null); 

        const questionTextEl = document.getElementById('question-text');
        const optionsListEl = document.getElementById('options-list');
        const resultContainerEl = document.getElementById('result-container');
        const quizContentEl = document.getElementById('quiz-content');
        const progressIndicatorEl = document.getElementById('progress-indicator');
        const prevBtn = document.getElementById('prev-btn');
        const nextBtn = document.getElementById('next-btn');
        const hintBtn = document.getElementById('hint-btn');
        const hintContainerEl = document.getElementById('hint-container');

        function loadQuestion() {
          resultContainerEl.innerHTML = '';
          optionsListEl.innerHTML = '';
          hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none'; // 隐藏提示
          
          if (currentQuestionIndex >= quizData.length) {
            showFinalScore();
            return;
          }

          updateProgress();

          const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
          questionTextEl.textContent = `(${currentQuestionIndex + 1}/${quizData.length}) ${currentQuestion.question}`;
          
          currentQuestion.options.forEach((optionText, index) => {
            const li = document.createElement('li');
            li.className = 'option-item';
            li.textContent = optionText;
            li.dataset.index = index; // Store index in a data attribute
            // 如果这道题已经回答过，恢复状态
            if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] !== null) {
                if (index === userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex]) {
                    li.classList.add('selected');
                }
            }
            optionsListEl.appendChild(li);
          });

          // 如果已经回答过，直接显示结果
          if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] !== null) {
              const isCorrect = userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === currentQuestion.correctAnswerIndex;
              showResult(isCorrect, currentQuestion);
          }
          
          updateNavigationButtons();
          updateProgress();
        }

        function selectOption(optionIndex) {
            userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] = optionIndex;
            const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
            const isCorrect = optionIndex === currentQuestion.correctAnswerIndex;

            // 重新计算分数
            score = userAnswers.reduce((acc, answer, index) => {
                return answer === quizData[index].correctAnswerIndex ? acc + 1 : acc;
            }, 0);

            showResult(isCorrect, currentQuestion);
            updateNavigationButtons();
        }
        
        function updateProgress() {
            const answeredQuestions = userAnswers.filter(answer => answer !== null).length;
            const progressPercentage = (answeredQuestions / quizData.length) * 100;
            progressIndicatorEl.style.width = `${progressPercentage}%`;
        }
        
        function updateNavigationButtons() {
            prevBtn.style.display = 'block';
            nextBtn.style.display = 'block';
            hintBtn.style.display = 'block'; // 显示提示按钮

            prevBtn.disabled = currentQuestionIndex === 0;
            nextBtn.disabled = false; // 最后一题时，下一题按钮不禁用，而是用于显示报告
            nextBtn.textContent = (currentQuestionIndex === quizData.length - 1) ? '查看报告' : '下一题';
            
            // 如果当前问题没有提示，则禁用提示按钮并隐藏提示内容
            if (!quizData[currentQuestionIndex].hint) {
                hintBtn.disabled = true;
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none';
                hintContainerEl.textContent = ''; // 清除旧的提示内容
            } else {
                hintBtn.disabled = false;
            }
        }

        function showResult(isCorrect, questionData) {
            resultContainerEl.innerHTML = ''; // 清空之前的结果
            const resultBox = document.createElement('div');
            resultBox.className = `result-box ${isCorrect ? 'correct' : 'incorrect'}`;
            
            let html = `<h3>${isCorrect ? '回答正确！' : '回答错误'}</h3>`;
            if (!isCorrect) {
                html += `<p><strong>正确答案是：</strong> ${questionData.options[questionData.correctAnswerIndex]}</p>`;
            }
            html += `<div class="explanation-text">${questionData.explanation}</div>`;
            html += `<div class="source-text">来源: ${questionData.source}</div>`;
            
            resultBox.innerHTML = html;
            resultContainerEl.appendChild(resultBox);

            // 禁用所有选项的点击事件，并高亮正确/错误答案
            Array.from(optionsListEl.children).forEach((child, index) => {
                child.style.pointerEvents = 'none';
                // 高亮正确答案
                if (index === questionData.correctAnswerIndex) {
                    child.classList.add('correct'); // 需要添加CSS样式
                    child.style.backgroundColor = '#d4edda';
                    child.style.borderColor = '#c3e6cb';
                }
                // 如果选错了，高亮错误选项
                if (!isCorrect && index === userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex]) {
                    child.classList.add('incorrect'); // 需要添加CSS样式
                    child.style.backgroundColor = '#f8d7da';
                    child.style.borderColor = '#f5c6cb';
                }
            });
        }

        function goToNextQuestion() {
            if (currentQuestionIndex < quizData.length - 1) {
                currentQuestionIndex++;
                loadQuestion();
            } else {
                showFinalScore();
            }
        }

        function goToPreviousQuestion() {
            if (currentQuestionIndex > 0) {
                currentQuestionIndex--;
                loadQuestion();
            }
        }
        
        function showHint() {
            const currentQuestion = quizData[currentQuestionIndex];
            if (currentQuestion.hint) {
                hintContainerEl.textContent = currentQuestion.hint;
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'block';
            } else {
                hintContainerEl.style.display = 'none';
            }
        }

        function showFinalScore() {
            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'none';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'none';

            const correctCount = score;
            const totalQuestions = quizData.length;
            const answeredCount = userAnswers.filter(a => a !== null).length;
            const wrongCount = answeredCount - correctCount;
            const skippedCount = totalQuestions - answeredCount;
            const accuracy = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((correctCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;
            const errorRate = totalQuestions > 0 ? Math.round((wrongCount / totalQuestions) * 100) : 0;

            const finalScoreHtml =
                '<div class="final-score-container">' +
                '<h2>答题报告</h2>' +
                '<div class="score-summary">' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>得分</h3>' +
                '<p>' + correctCount + ' / ' + totalQuestions + '</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>正确率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + accuracy + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>错误率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + errorRate + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card score-details">' +
                '<table>' +
                '<tr><td>正确</td><td>' + correctCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>错误</td><td>' + wrongCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>未答</td><td>' + skippedCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '</table>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="report-actions">' +
                '<button id="review-btn">回顾测验</button>' +
                '<button class="primary" onclick="location.reload()">再试一次</button>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>';

            let reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }
            quizContentEl.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', finalScoreHtml);
            document.getElementById('review-btn').addEventListener('click', reviewQuiz);
        }

        function reviewQuiz() {
            const reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }

            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'block';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'flex';
            
            currentQuestionIndex = 0;
            loadQuestion();
            updateNavigationButtons(); // Ensure nav buttons are correctly displayed
        }

        // Event Delegation for options
        optionsListEl.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
            if (event.target && event.target.matches('li.option-item')) {
                // Check if the question has already been answered
                if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === null) {
                    const selectedIndex = parseInt(event.target.dataset.index, 10);
                    selectOption(selectedIndex);
                }
            }
        });

        prevBtn.addEventListener('click', goToPreviousQuestion);
        nextBtn.addEventListener('click', goToNextQuestion);
        hintBtn.addEventListener('click', showHint);
        
        // 初始加载
        loadQuestion();
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>
  